Hone



Patented Mar. s, 1938 PATENT OFFICE BONE Harold L. Blood,.Wor-ccster,Masa, assignor to The Heald Machine Company,

Worcester,

, Mesa, a corporation of Massachusetts Application March 20, 1936,Serial No. 89,881

14 Claims.

The present invention relates to a hone, particularly adapted for thefinishing of tapered internal surfaces, as for example, the outerraceways of roller bearings. A modified form of hone, adaptedforexternal surfacesand embodying the same general arrangement of parts, isdisclosed in applicant's copending application for a Hone, Serial No.68,289, filed March 11, 1936.

In prior devices of this character the honingmaterial is generally heldrigidly to the shape of the surface being honed. In order to avoid theappearance of scratch marks on the work it is desirable to give the honea slight axial reciprocation relative to the work, this reciprocationeliminating the circular scratch marks otherwise resulting. With a rigidhone, there can be a reciprocation thereof only where the hone isadapted for cylindrical surfaces. One of the principal objects of thepresent invention is to provide a hone which will operate on a taperedsurface and will also permit a reciprocation o the hone relative to theworkpiece.

Attempts have been made to produce a hon having sufiicient resiliency toaccommodate itself to small variations in workpiece diameter, as, for

example, the Stinson Patent No. 1,418,847, dated June6, 1922. This honehas a conical actuator engageable with the ends of levers for swingingthe latter outwardly to urge the honing members against the workpiece.The taper of the cone, for satisfactory operation, is such that a radialpressure inwardly of the honing members will not cause the cone to slideaxially to allow the honing members to collapse. The structure isaccordingly not applicable to tapered workpieces where the hone is givenan axial reciprocation. A further object of the invention is to providea hone in which the honing members may move inwardly in response to aninward pressure on the members.

The surface finish, as a result of the honing action thereon, iscontrolled to a great extent by the pressure exerted by the hone againstthe surface, and the present invention also provides for adjusting theamount of pressure by the individual honing members so that the surfacefinish, as

- well-as the amount of material removed during the honing action, maybe controlled.

Other and further objects and advantages of the invention will appearfrom the following detailed description taken in connection with theaccompanying drawing, in which- Fig. 1 is a sectional view through ahone embodying the invention.

Fig. 2 is an end view of the hone.

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of one of the elements of the hone.

Like reference characters refer to like parts in the different figures.I

Referring first to Fig. 1, the honing device I is intended to operateupon the tapered surface 2 of a workpiece a, mounted for rotation in anysuitable workholder 3 which may have the form of any well-known chuck inwhich the workpiece is mounted for rotation about an axis concentric tothe-surface being honed. The honing device is preferably mounted on amachine having a reciprocatory table, such as the usual Heald grindingmachine, one example of which is disclosed in the Guild Patent No.1,971,138, dated Aug. 21, 1934. Either the device I or the chuck 3 ismounted on the reciprocatory table and the reciprocations of the latterserve to procure a short reciprocation of the hone relative to theworkpiece .and axially thereof. The table also provides for withdrawalof the hone from within the bore of the workpiece and for returning thehone to operative position within the workpiece bore for a honingoperation thereon. The machine arrangements by which the variousmovements of the hone relative to the workpiece are procured are not apart of the present invention .cient to note that the honing device ismounted in a bracket 4 carried alternatively by the table or the base,the chuck in either event being mounted on the other machine element toprovide for the relative reciprocation between the honing device and.the workpiece.

The device of the invention comprises a sleeve 5, having a cylindricalend portion 6 corresponding in diameter to a horizontal bore 1 in thebracket 4. and in which it is positioned, being locked therein by a setscrew 8 in the bracket. A shoulder 9 on'the member engages the end ofthe bracket 4. The sleeve 5 at its opposite end has an enlarged arbor orhead Ill having a tapered end portion II. The head is provided with aplurality of radial slots l2 extending substantially the entire lengthof the head, and each slot has positioned therein a bell crank lever I3,

Fig. 1. A ring it which fits over the rearward end of the head 10 and isfreely turnable thereon, has an arcuate annular groove l5 therein inwhich one end of each of the bell crank levers is positioned.- The ringhas an inwardly extending flange l6 engaging with the shoulder l'lprovided by the head, thereby holding said ring in position. The leversare supported by said ring for rocking movement within the slots inwhich the levers are positioned, this rocking movement being about anaxis adjacent to the outer end of each lever, the latter being arcuateto correspond to the shape of the grooves engaged thereby. Theconnection between each of the levers and the arbor is thus a freepivotal connection making the levers readily removable from the arbor atany time.

Adjacent the opposite end of each bell crank lever is positioned anarcuate projection 18 which engages with a correspondingly shaped recessII in a holder 20. The latter has attached to the outer side thereof abar 2| of suitable honing material which may be formed, for example,from abrasive material. The bar 2| is suitably secured to the holder 20,as by glue, or any other desired securing means. The connection betweeneach lever and the associated holder is also .a free pivotal connection,making it possible to separate the holder from its supporting lever atany time.

Coil springs 22 and 23, each arranged in the form of an annulus, extendaround the head out-, side of the holders 20 and engage in notches 24and 25 at opposite ends of each of the holders respectively. Saidsprings normally tend to move the holders 20 inwardly to move the honingmaterial out of operative position and also keep the holders 2!! againstthe projections l8 of the bell crank levers. Small notches 25 areprovided in the tapered end of the head ill to receive the spring 22when the holders 20 are removed from the device. A small coil spring 21,positioned in a recess 28 in each of the bell crank levers, engages withthe corresponding'holder 20 rearwardly of the recess IQ for procuring aturning movement of the holder about its pivotal support. The spring- 21urges the forward end of the holder 20 inwardly so that the device may,readily enter the tapered bore of the workpiece when being moved intooperative position.

For holding the honing members in operative position during honing, thesleeve has a plunger 29 slidable therein, the end of said plungerengaging with all of the'bell crank levers at the corners thereof. Theplunger has no rigid connection with the levers and thus, by reason ofthe free connection, the levers can readily be removed from the arborwithout the necessity for. the removal of any connecting elements. Itwill be noted that all of the pivots of the lever, that is to say, theconnection between the lever and the arbor, the connection between thelever and the holder 20, and the connection between the lever and theplunger, are all free pivotal connections, making the substitution ofone lever for another a very simple procedure. A coil spring 30 ispositioned within the sleeve 5 and surrounds an integral stem 3|extending from the plunger, being located between said plunger and athreaded plug 32 engaging in the end of the sleeve 5. The plug 32, beingthreaded, is adjustable within the sleeve for varying the tension on thespring 30. The stem 3| from the plunger extends through an opening 33centrally of the plug 32 and has adjustable nuts 34 on the threaded endthereof. These nuts 34, by engagement with the end of the plug, controlthe extent of movement of the plunger to the left and thereby control orlimit the outward movement of the honing members. The pressure exertedon the levers l3 by the plunger 29 is axial and the plunger is solocated that an inward pressure on the honing members will cause aninward swinging movement of the levers against the pressure of theplunger. The honing members may thus engage with a tapered surface evenif there is a relative reciprocation between the work and the hone.

The arrangement disclosed provides for the substitution of one type ofhoning member for anothermerely by the removal of the holders 2. withthe honing material attached thereto and the substitution of otherholders. This is done by slipping the springs 22 and 23 out of thenotches in the holders 20 thereby releasing the holders,

the spring 22 being then held on the head by the notches 28'. The spring23 when removed from holding engagement with the holders 23 stillsurrounds the head of thesleeve I and prevents the several levers IIfrom dropping out of the head. Since none of the levers I3 is tlyfastened within the device, it will also be ,apparent that these leversare readily interchanged in adapting the device to different sizes ofworkpieces by reason of the free pivotal connections between-the leversand the associated elements. The device is moreover adjustable todiflerent size workpieces by changing the position of the nuts 34,thereby varying the position of the plunger 29. The amount of pressureexerted by the honing members on the workpieceis also adjustable bychanging the position of. the plug 32' on the sleeve 5, adjustment ofthis plug also controlling the operative position of the hones.

In operation, assuming the device to have been axially withdrawn fromthe workpiece by the table movement above referred to, the small springs21 have urged the holders 20 about the pivotal support thereof so thatsaid holders assume a'position of maximum taper to assure entry of thedevice within the bore of the workpiece. The springs 22 and 23 keep theholders- 20 in engagement with the bell crank levers, and as the honingdevice moves to the left, Fig. 1, relative to the workpiece, the honingmembers engage with the workpiece and are rocked about their pivotalsupports to. the position of Fig. 1', thereby engaging the taperedsurface over its entire width. When the device is in the position ofFig. 1, in readiness for honing, it may be given a slight reciprocatorymovement without aflecting the honing operation, since, as the devicemoves farther to the left from the position shown, the honing membersmoveinwardly against the pressure of the spring 33, rocking the bellcrank levers about their pivotal supports. Upon movement of the table tothe right. during the slight reciprocation, the spring 30 urges thehones outwardly and holds them in engagement with the workpiece. Withthe device adjusted as in Fig. 1, the relative position of these partsin this figure must .represent the right hand end of the shortneciprocatory movement (assuming the honing device to be thereciprocated element) as will be apparent. The honing members are thusheld in engagement with the workpiece at all times during the axialreciprocation of the bone relative to the workpiece, even though thesurface being honed is tapered. The plunger and associated mechanism maybe said to be reversible since the honing members if pressed inwardlywill procure a retractionoi' the plunger 1 for a contraction of thehone, with the plunger normally holding the honing members in expandedposition.

I claim:

1. In a honing device, an arbor, a lever carried thereby and rockablerelative thereto, a-

ber, interconnecting means on said member and lever providing a freepivotal connection for rocking of the member relative to the lever aboutthe 'axis substantially at right angles to the axis of ber and lever toprovide a free pivotal connec-' tion between the member and lever, andresilient means for holding the protuberance and recess ininterengagement.

4. In a honing device, a support, a lever carried thereby and pivotallymounted thereon, a honingmember carried by the lever, and meansreleasably'attaching the member to said lever,

said means including an arcuate protuberance and a cooperating arcuaterecess on the member and lever to provide a free pivotal connectionbetween the member and lever and a spring for holding said cooperatingprotuberance and recess in engagement.

5. In a honing device, an arbor having a radial slot at one end thereof,a lever positioned in said slot and having a pivotal movement relativeto the arbor, a honing member rockably mounted on said lever, and aspring surrounding the arbor and engaging with the honing member forholding the latter in engagement with the lever.

6. In a honing device, an arbor having a plurality of radial slotstherein, a lever positioned in each of said slots and having a pivotalmovement relative to the arbor, a honing member rockably mounted on eachof said levers, resilient means engagingwith said levers for urging thehoning members into operative position, and other resilient meansengaging with the honing members for holding the latter in engagementwith the levers.

'7. In a honing device, an arbor having a plurality of radial slots atone end thereof, a lever positioned in each of said slots each leverhaving an arcuate surface engageable with a part of the arbor forrocking movement relative thereto,

a honing member rockably mounted on each of said levers, a plungerslidable in the arbor and engageable with each of said levers, a springin said arbor engaging with the plunger, and'means for adjusting theposition of the spring for controlling the expanded position of thehoning ,members.

8. In a honing device, an arbor having a plurality of radial slots atone end thereof, a lever positioned in each of said slots, a ringengaging all of said levers at one end thereof and providing a pivotalsupport therefor, a honing member rockably mounted on each of saidlevers, springs holding said members in position on said levers, aplunger within the arbor and engaging with each of said levers, and aspring in said arbor for urging the plunger against the levers to movethe latter outwardly.

9. In a honing device, an arbor having a plurality of radial slots atone end thereof, a lever positioned in each of said slots, a ringengaging all of said levers atone end thereofand providing the arbor atany time.

a pivotal support therefor, a honing member rockably mounted on each of"said levers, springs holding said members in position on said levers, aplunger within the arbor and engaging with each of said levers, a springin said arbor for urging the plunger against the levers ,to move thelatter outwardly, and means for adjusting the extent of movement of theplunger fon controlling the expanded position of the honing members.

10. In a honing device, an arbor having a radial slot at one endthereof, a lever removably positioned in said slot and turnable aboutone end thereof for pivotal movement relative to the arbor, said leverbeing supported by the arbor against lateral movement, a honing memberrockably mounted on said lever, a plunger axially slidable in the arborand engageable with the lever for urging the honing member thereon intooperative position, and a spring in said arbor for engagement with theplunger.

11. In a honing device, an arbor having a radial slot at one endthereof, a lever removably positioned in said slot and turnable aboutone end thereof for pivotal movement relative to the arbor, said leverbeing supported by the arbor against lateral movement, a honing memberrockably mounted on said lever, a plunger axially slidable in the arborand engageable with the lever for urging the honing member thereon intooperative position, a spring in said arbor for engagement with theplunger, and means for adjusting the extent of movement of the plungerfor controlling the operative position of the honing member.

12. In a honing device, an arbor, a lever carried thereby and turnablerelative thereto about an axis out of parallel relation to the axis ofthe v ing with said lever at a point spaced from its axis of rotationrelative to the arbor, said resilient means including a member movableaxially of the arbor and engageable with said lever for urging saidlever and the honing member carried thereby into operative position.

13. In a honing device, an arbor, a radial slot at one end thereof, alever removably positioned in said slot and having a free pivotalconnection at one end thereof with the arbor, said lever being supportedby the arbor against lateral movement, a honing member rockably mountedon the lever, a plunger axially slidable in the arbor and engageablewith the lever for urging the honing member thereon into operativeposition, the lever and plunger being free of positive interconnection,whereby the lever is removable at any time from the arbor.

14. In a honing device, an arbor having a radial slot at one endthereof, a lever removably positioned in said slot and having a freepivotal connection at one end thereof with the arbor, said lever beingsupported by the arbor against lateral movement, a honing member havinga free pivotal connection with said lever, a plunger axially slidable inthe arbor and engageable with the lever for urging the lever and thehoning member thereon into operative position, said lever being free ofpositive connection to the plunger to provide for removal of the leverfrom mom n BLOOD.

